Chii chinonzi shot peening?

Shot peening inonziwo Shot blasting yakafanana nejecha, asi abrasive inoshandiswa yakasiyana.Iyo abrasive inoshandiswa mupfuti peening isimbi yekupfura kana girazi pfuti pachinzvimbo chejecha rinoputika.Shot peening inogadzira compression stress pane chikamu pasina kusvibiswa kwesilicon-ine guruva.Inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira kudzvanya kushushikana pazvikamu kuvandudza simba ravo rekuneta uye kusagadzikana kwekuora kwekudzivirira, uye ine inogadzirisa mhedzisiro pane yakamonyaniswa zvikamu zvitete, uye pamusoro pepfuti peening yakapfava uye yakapfava kupfuura pamusoro pejecha.Shot peening dzimwe nguva inoshandiswa kugadzira mahombe matete-walled aruminiyamu zvikamu.

Shot peening inogona kukandwa simbi pfuti, kukandwa simbi pfuti kana girazi pfuti, ceramic pfuti.Cast iron shot ine kuoma kwepamusoro, asi ine brittle uye haina kusimba, uye inonyanya kushandiswa munzvimbo dzinodiwa simba rekupfurwa.Cast steel shot ine kusimba kwakanaka, hupenyu hwayo hwakareba zvakapetwa kakati wandei kupfuura ihwo hwesimbi yakakandwa, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya.Girazi pfuti uye ceramic pfuti zvine kuomarara kwakaderera uye zvinonyanya kushandiswa simbi isina tsvina, titanium, aruminiyamu kana zvimwe zvikamu uko kusvibiswa kwesimbi kunofanirwa kudzivirirwa.Dzimwe nguva mushure mekupfurwa wakadongorera nesimbi yakakandwa, pfuti yegirazi uye pfuti yekeramic inopfurwa zvakare kubvisa kusvibiswa kwesimbi kana kuderedza kushata kwepasi.

Shot peening, inozivikanwawo sekupfura peening, ndiyo imwe yenzira dzinoshanda dzekudzikisa kuneta kwezvikamu uye kugadzirisa hupenyu.Shot peening ndeyekupinza high-speed projectile kuyerera pamusoro pechikamu kuti iparadze pasi pechikamu kuti iite simbi inosimbisa yehumwe ukobvu.A high residual stress inoumbwa muhutano hwekusimbisa.Pamusana pekuvapo kwekumanikidzika kwepamusoro pamusoro pechikamu, chikamu chekushungurudzika chinogona kugadziriswa kana chikamu chiri pasi pemutoro, nokudaro kuvandudza simba rekuneta kwechikamu.

Shot peening inoshandiswa kubvisa chikero, ngura, jecha rekuumba uye mafirimu ependi ekare pane zvigadzirwa zvesimbi zvepakati uye zvakakura zvine hupamhi husingasviki 2mm kana izvo zvisingadi zviyero uye contours, pamwe chete nekukanda uye forgings.Iyo inzira yekuchenesa pamberi pekuvhara kwepamusoro (plating).Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakakura dzengarava, mafekitori emuchina anorema, mafekitori emotokari, nezvimwe.

Shot peening inzira inotonhora yekurapa iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kugadzirisa kuneta kuramba kwesimbi zvikamu zvakaiswa pasi pekunetseka kwakanyanya kwenguva yakareba, senge ndege injini compressor blades, airframe structural parts, mota dzekufambisa zvikamu, nezvimwe.

Shot peening ndeyekupfapfaidza zvisingaverengeki diki denderedzwa media inodaidzwa kuti simbi inopfurwa ichimhanya zvakanyanya uye ichienderera pasi peicho inodzorwa zvizere, uye kuirovera pamusoro pechikamu, nokudaro ichigadzira yakasara compressive stress layer pamusoro.Nokuti simbi imwe neimwe painorova chikamu chesimbi, chinoita setsvimbo diki inorova pamusoro, ichiita mapindiro madiki kana mabonzo.Kuti uite kuora mwoyo, simbi yepamusoro inofanira kutambanudzwa.Pasi pepamusoro, zviyo zvakamanikidzika zvinoedza kudzorera nzvimbo kune chimiro chayo chepakutanga, zvichiita hemisphere iyo inomanikidzika zvikuru.Madhiri akawanda anopindirana kuti agadzire yunifomu yakasara yekumanikidza kushushikana.Pakupedzisira, chikamu chacho chinodzivirirwa ne compressive stress layer, iyo inovandudza zvikuru kuramba kuneta uye inowedzera hupenyu hwekushanda hwakachengeteka.

Main classification yepfuti peening:

Shot peening inokamurwazve kuita pfuti peening uye sandblasting.Kurapa kwepamusoro nepfuti peening kune simba rakasimba uye kuchenesa kuri pachena maitiro.Zvisinei, kurapwa kwematete-plate workpieces nepfuti peening iri nyore kukanganisa workpiece, uye pfuti yesimbi inorova pamusoro pe workpiece (kungave kupfurwa kunoputika kana kupfurwa kudongorera) kukanganisa simbi substrate.Sezvo Fe3O4 neFe2O3 vasina plasticity, vanosvuura mushure mekuputswa, uye firimu remafuta neiyo The substrate yakakanganiswa pamwe chete, saka kune maworkpieces ane mavara emafuta, kuputika kwepfuti uye kupfura peening hakugone kubvisa zvachose mavara emafuta.Pakati peiyo iripo workpiece pamusoro pekurapa nzira, sandblasting ndiyo yakanakisa yekuchenesa maitiro.

Sandblasting yakakodzera kuchenesa iyo workpiece pamusoro nepamusoro zvinodiwa.Nekudaro, mazhinji emagetsi ejecha munyika yedu anoumbwa neakare uye ane bulky jecha rinotakura michina yakaita seauger, scraper, bucket elevator zvichingodaro.Mushandisi anofanirwa kuvaka gomba rakadzika uye kugadzira denga rekudzivirira mvura kuti aise muchina.Mutengo wekuvaka wakakwira, basa rekugadzirisa uye mutengo wekugadzirisa wakakura, uye huwandu hukuru hweguruva resilica rinogadzirwa panguva yekugadzira jecha haugone kubviswa, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya hutano hwevashandisi uye zvinosvibisa nharaunda..

Shot peening yakakamurwa kuita general shot peening uye stress shot peening.Kazhinji kurapwa, kana ndiro yesimbi iri munzvimbo yakasununguka, rova ​​mukati mesimbi yesimbi ine high-speed iron shot kuti ibudise pre-compression stress pamusoro pepamusoro.Kuti uderedze kushushikana kunetseka pamusoro pesimbi yesimbi panguva yebasa uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwebasa.Stress shot peening ndeye kufanopeta simbi ndiro pasi peimwe simba, wobva waita kupenengura.

Kune 4 mapoka epfuti (abrasive): simbi yekukanda pfuti, simbi yakakandwa, girazi pfuti, ceramic pfuti:

1, kupfura simbi

Kuoma kwayo kunowanzo 40 ~ 50HRC.Paunenge uchigadzira simbi dzakaoma, kuomarara kunogona kuwedzerwa kusvika pa57 ~ 62HRC.Cast simbi inopfurwa ine kusimba kwakanaka uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya, uye hupenyu hwayo hwesevhisi kanoverengeka iyo yekupfura simbi.

2, simbi yakakandwa

Kuoma kwayo 58 ~ 65HRC, brittle uye nyore kutyora.Hupenyu hupfupi, husiri kushandiswa zvakanyanya.Inonyanya kushandiswa kune zviitiko zvinoda kupfura kwakanyanya.

3, girazi pellets

Kuomarara kwakaderera pane maviri apfuura, anonyanya kushandiswa simbi isina simbi, titanium, aruminiyamu, magnesium uye zvimwe zvinhu zvisingabvumidze kusvibiswa kwesimbi, uye zvinogona zvakare kushandiswa kwechipiri kugadzirisa mushure mekupfurwa kwesimbi peening kubvisa kusvibiswa kwesimbi uye kuderedza simbi. kusvibiswa.The pamusoro roughness chikamu.

4, ceramic pellets

Iko kemikari yekeramic pellets inenge 67% ZrO2, 31% SiO2 uye 2% Al2O3-based inclusions, iyo inogadzirwa nekunyunguduka, atomizing, kuomesa, kutenderera, uye sieving.Hukukutu hwakaenzana ne HRC57~ 63. Hunhu hwayo hwakakosha hune density yepamusoro uye kuomarara kwepamusoro pane girazi.Yakatanga kushandiswa muzvikamu zvendege kusimbisa mukutanga kwema1980.Ceramic pellets ine simba rakakwirira, hupenyu hurefu hwebasa uye mutengo wakaderera pane girazi pellets, uye yakatambanudzirwa kusvika pakusimbaradza kwepamusoro kwesimbi isina-ferrous senge titanium alloys uye aruminiyamu alloys.

Shot blasting equipment:

1. Metal kana isiri-metal projectiles inogona kushandiswa zvisina kufanira kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana pakuchenesa pamusoro pebasa rekushanda;

2. Kugadziriswa kwekuchenesa kwakakura, zviri nyore kuchenesa mukati nekunze kwekunze kwezvimedu zvekushanda zvakaoma uye rusvingo rwemukati rwepombi fittings, uye haigumirwi nesaiti, uye midziyo inogona kuiswa pedyo nepamusoro-hombe workpiece. ;

3. Chimiro chemidziyo chiri nyore, mari yemuchina wese ishoma, zvikamu zvekupfeka zvishoma, uye mutengo wekugadzirisa wakaderera;

4. Inofanira kunge yakashongedzerwa ne-high-power air compressor station.Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu ekuchenesa kwakafanana, kushandiswa kwesimba kwakakura;

5. Nzvimbo yekuchenesa inotarisana nekunyorova uye nyore kudzorera ngura;

6. Kuderera kwekuchenesa kushanda zvakanaka, vashandi vakawanda uye kushanda kwakanyanya

Kusiyana kubva kune sandblasting:

Kuputika kwejecha vs kuputika kwepfuti

Shot peening uye sandblasting zvese zvinoshandisa high-pressure air kana compressed air sesimba, uye kuifuridza kunze nekumhanya kwakanyanya kuti iite pamusoro peiyo workpiece kuti iwane kuchenesa mhedzisiro, asi mhedzisiro inosiyana zvichienderana nepakati yakasarudzwa.Mushure mekuputika kwejecha, tsvina iri pamusoro pebasa rekushanda inobviswa, uye nzvimbo yepamusoro inowedzera zvakanyanya, nokudaro ichiwedzera simba rekubatanidza re workpiece uye kuvhara / plating layer.

Kumusoro kwechigadzirwa chebasa mushure mekuputika kwejecha ndeyesimbi, asi nekuda kwekuti nzvimbo yacho yakashata, chiedza chinodzorwa, saka hapana simbi inopenya, uye inzvimbo yakasviba.

Mushure mekupfura peening, tsvina iri pamusoro peiyo workpiece inobviswa, uye pamusoro peiyo workpiece idiki kwazvo uye haina kukuvara nyore.Nzvimbo yepamusoro yakawedzera.Sezvo pamusoro peiyo workpiece haina kukuvadzwa panguva yekugadzirisa, iyo yakawandisa simba inogadzirwa panguva yekugadziriswa inotungamira kusimba kwepamusoro kweiyo workpiece matrix.

Iyo yepamusoro peiyo workpiece iyo yakapfurwa yakanyungudutswa zvakare ine simbi, asi nekuti iyo nzvimbo yakatenderera, mwenje unodzorwa zvishoma, saka workpiece inogadziriswa kuita matte athari.

Kuchenesa kwemhando yepamusoro

a.Iyo yakanyanya kunyatso kuchenesa nhanho (Sa3)

Kumusoro kwesimbi yakacheneswa yakanyatsofanana sirivha-grey, ine imwe nzvimbo yakashata yekuvandudza kusungirirwa kwekuputira;

b.Kunyatso kuchenesa nhanho (Sa2.5)

Iyo yakacheneswa simbi yepasi haina girizi, tsvina, chiyero, ngura, corrosion zvigadzirwa, okisijeni uye kumwe kusvibiswa.Mimvuri uye kusiyana kwemavara nekuda kwekuchenesa kusina kukwana kunobvumirwa, asi zvishoma ne95% pa square inch Iri pamusoro apa inosvika pachiyero chekuchenesa, uye iyo yose inongova nemumvuri wakapfava uye kusiyana kwemavara;

c, kunyanya kuchenesa nhanho

Hakuchina girisi, tsvina, ngura uye zvimwe zvinosvibisa panzvimbo yakacheneswa simbi, uye oxide scale, ngura uye pendi yekare inobviswa, uye mithunzi miduku uye kusiyana kwemavara nekuda kwekusakwana kubviswa kwemarara uye oxide scale inobvumirwa.Kwete kupfuura 33% pa ​​square inch;kana pitting corrosion yakaitika pamusoro pesimbi, shoma shoma uye pende yekare inobvumirwa muhupamhi hwegomba;

d.Kusakwana kwekuchenesa nhanho

Nzvimbo yacho yakanyatsocheneswa kuti ibvise girisi, tsvina, chikero chakasununguka uye pendi yakasununguka, uye chiyero, ngura, pendi uye machira akabatanidzwa zvakasimba kune substrate uye haigoni kubviswa ne spatula yakapinza inobvumirwa kusara mushure mekuchenesa pamusoro. .Nhamba huru yezvidimbu zvakagoverwa zvesimbi zvinoonekwa pamusoro.[3]

Kushata kwepamusoro

Kushata kwepamusoro uye kushambidzika kwepamusoro kunoitika panguva imwe chete, uye kuona kushata kwepamusoro kwakangokosha sekuona izvo zvinodikanwa zvehutsanana.

Basa rekuoma kwepamusoro

1) Wedzera nzvimbo chaiyo yekubatanidza pakati pekuputira uye pamusoro pebasa rekushanda, iyo inobatsira kuvandudza simba rekubatanidza rejasi;

2) Iyo yekupfekedza ichaunza kushushikana kwakawanda kwemukati panguva yekurapa maitiro, uye kuvepo kwehushasha kunogona kunyatso bvisa kushushikana kwekushushikana mujasi uye kudzivirira kuvhara kubva pakuputika;

3) Kuvepo kwekukasharara kwepamusoro kunogona kutsigira kunaka kwechikamu chepende, izvo zvinobatsira kubvisa chiitiko chekusagika, kunyanya kune vertically pendi nzvimbo.

Zvinhu zvinokanganisa roughness ndezvizvi:

1) Saizi yechidimbu, kuoma uye chimiro chechidimbu cheabrasive;

2) Kuoma kwezvinhu zvebasa racho pacharo;

3) Kudzvinyirira uye kugadzikana kwemhepo yakamanikidzwa;

4) The chinhambwe pakati nozzle uye workpiece pamusoro uye kona pakati nozzle uye workpiece pamusoro.

Zviitiko zvakawanda zvine chekuita nekuoma kwepasi:

1) Kureba kwekuchenesa nguva hakunei nechekuita nekushata kwepamusoro;

2) Kona pakati pemuromo nepamusoro ichakanganisa kushata kwepamusoro, asi shanduko haina kunyatsojeka pakati pe45 degrees uye 90 degrees;

3) Kuchenesa zvakaoma-ku-kuchenesa nzvimbo dzine mabrasives makuru-grained anogona kuvandudza kushanda kwekushanda, asi kuoma kwepamusoro kuchave kwakakwirira.Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti mabrasives ane particle size yakakura kudarika 1.2mm anokonzera hutsinye hwakanyanya.Kuchenesa zvakare pamusoro nepamusoro roughness nediki-grained abrasive inogona kuderedza roughness kune zvakatemwa zvinodiwa.